MATH1530 RESOURCE PAGE

http://math.etsu.edu/1530
Information you will find in this Web page:

         The basics:


For instructors: links to Journals on the teaching of Statistics and other sources of data sets in the Web

  • Old final exams:

Final Exam from the Spring 2009 Solution

Final Exam from the Fall 2009 Solution

Final Exam from the Spring 2010 Solution

Final Exam from the Fall 2010 Solution

Final Exam from the Spring 2011 Solution

Final Exam from the Fall 2011 Solution

 

 

The STAT CAVE at ETSU  -

Created with a grant from the National Science Foundation
(NSF-DUE 0126682) and ETSU (TAF) funds

STUDY GUIDE FOR SPRING 2012 FINAL EXAM

 

·  Information for each chapter

o   List of recommended problems 

o   Labs and data sets to be used in class, assignments or for individual study for each chapter

o   Links to web pages or data sets of applications of Statistics in the real world 

o   Worksheets that can be used without computers for activities in the classroom or for review.

Material for each Chapter

Chapter 1 Picturing Distributions with Graphs

Chapter 2 Describing Distributions with Numbers

Chapter 3 Normal Distribution

Chapters 4 & 5 Scatterplots , Correlation, and Regression

Chapter 6 Review

Chapter 7 Producing Data: Sampling

Chapter 8 Producing Data: Experiments

Chapter 9 Introducing Probability

Chapter 10 Sampling Distributions 

Chapter 11 General Rules of Probability 


Chapter 12 Binomial Distributions


Chapter 13 Introduction to Inference 


Chapter 14 Thinking about Inference


Chapter 15 Review

 

Chapter 16 Inference about a Population Mean


Chapter 17 Two-Sample Problems

Chapter 18 Inference about a Population Proportion

 

Chapter 20 Review


Chapter 21 Two Categorical Variables: The Chi-square test
 

Links to on-line resources: 

Collections of Applets                References for students & instructors
Other Data sources                    Information about careers in STATS

 

GENERAL INFORMATION
Course Goal: To develop a basic understanding of probability and statistics and how they relate to the world around us. 

FINAL EXAM IN THE SPRING SEMESTER 2012 will follow the regular exam schedule.  
(See more information about grading and attendance policy below)

TEXTBOOK for Spring Semester 2012: 
Moore, D.S.  (2010) Essential Statistics. 1st edition.

Software: Most sections will use MINITAB in class. Minitab is available in all the computer labs at ETSU. 

Note.  Students who acquired the 'bundle' have on addition to the textbook and study guide a student version of Minitab. There are other options available to acquire or rent Minitab for students that want to have it at home but this is not required, students will find Minitab in all the computers on Campus under 'Statistical Software.’


Calculator (Instructions prepared by C. Robe) can be found in
Requirements of the calculator vary with instructor. For those sections that require the Sharp Calculator,
Instructions for the Sharp Calculator for  mean, standard deviation

Instructions to use the Sharp Calculator for regression and  correlation

For students who already have a TI-83 calculator:
Instructions for Texas Instrument calculator: mean and variance 
                                                                   regression and Correlation

DATA SETS   The data sets mentioned in the textbook are in the CD-Rom that comes with the book.  Data sets from sources other than the textbook are accessible through this Web page.

FORMULA SHEET 
  The formula sheet and tables to be used on the final exam will be the card that comes with the text book.  Here there is also a page with the main formulas.

Where to get help with this course?

1) Your instructor (check your instructor's office hours in the Syllabus for your section) 

2) Math Lab:   

Location: 123 Sherrod Library CFAA
Hours: 1 hour after library opens to 1 hour before library closes.

Center for Academic Achievement (CFAA)

Provides free individual, group, and online tutoring.

Website: http://www.etsu.edu/uged/cfaa/default.aspx

Phone: 423-439-7111

Need to make an appointment.

3) Free CFAA Group Tutoring:

Location: In the Sherrod Library (Behind Einstein's)

Hours: Mondays 7:00-9:00 pm  and Wednesdays & Thursdays, 2:45-4:45 pm

Check: elearn.etsu.edu  & click “TUTR-STAT-001-Probability & Statistics Tutoring” for exceptions and additional resources.

If “TUTR-STAT-001-Probability & Statistics Tutoring” does not appear under ADMN, call 439-4748 to enroll.

Your tutor is Alan Karp (zamk3@goldmail.etsu.edu)

4) Student Support Services, NURSE Center, Athletics, Disability Services, and others offer tutoring services.  Check with them to see if you qualify.
 

Your success in this course depends on the time in the course. We recommend:

  • Study and read before attending the lectures. Keep up with the course.
  • Devote a little Time to studying statistics each day, rather than a large amount once a week.
  • Take an Active role in learning. Come to class and participate.
  • Tutor each other. If you feel that you are lost help is out there; see your instructor/tutor early. Don't wait until the last minute.

 

 


 
 

GRADING AND ATTENDANCE POLICY
 

DEPARTMENTAL FINAL EXAMINATION REQUIREMENT FOR MATH 1530:

  1. A comprehensive departmental final examination will be administered in MATH 1530 (Probability & Statistics). 
    For the Spring Semester 2012 the exam will be held     during the regular final exam schedule.
  2. The room will be announced by your Instructor during dead week.
  3. Important: each student must have a current, official ETSU ID card to take final exam.
  4. The Final Examination will count 20% of each student’s grade.  For extremely low scores on the Final Examination (less than 80 points (or less than 40%) of the maximum of 200 points), the student will be assigned a semester grade of F.
  5. The purposes of this program are to increase learning, enhance quality control and minimize grade disparity among instructors.

GRADING FOR THE COURSE:  The grade will be based on a possible 1000 points (200 from the Final Examination, 100 from Capstone Project, 50 from practice quizzes and 650 determined by the instructor).  The scale follows:

A

950 – 1000             

 

C+

780 – 799               

A-

900 – 949

 

C

720 – 779               

B+

880 – 899              

 

C-

700 – 719 

B

820 – 879               

 

D+

650 – 699              

B-

800 – 819 

 

D

600 – 649 

F Total less than 600 or for academic misconduct or an extremely low grade (less than 80) on the final examination.

PRACTICE QUIZZES:  There are 16 chapter quizzes in Desire2Learn (D2L). There is no time commitment and unlimited attempts to complete these quizzes but you must get at least 75% of the questions correct on a chapter quiz to get full credit (3 points) on that quiz.  You will receive 2 points for attempting all quizzes.  All quizzes must be taken one hour prior to the final exam.

BONUS POINTS FOR GOOD ATTENDANCE (after the first week of classes):  You may receive a bonus for good attendance (we don’t count absences occurring during the first week of the semester).  An absence can only be “excused” by presenting Instructor with an official ETSU Class Absence Authorization For Student Participation In A University-Sponsored Activity prior to the occurrence of the absence.  No other types of absences will be excused even if you have an impeccable reason for not being in class.  We interpret the number of absences recorded for a student as an indication of the amount of lecture material they have missed during the semester, not as a critical judgment of that student’s character, motivation and honesty.  Bonus points will be awarded in the following manner:

                                    5 absences or more                 Zero bonus points

                                    4 absences                               10 bonus points

                                    3 absences                               20 bonus points

                                    2 absences                               30 bonus points

                                    1 absence                                 40 bonus points

                                    0 absences                               50 bonus points 

DEPARTMENTAL ATTENDANCE REQUIREMENTS:
(approved by department vote on February 28, 1994; revised July 1999*)
The Department of Mathematics strongly advises students to attend all mathematics classes when physically able.  Because there is a positive correlation between attendance and student success in mathematics, the following attendance guidelines will be used in all mathematics courses.  Regardless of the reasons for the absences, should a student exceed the following limits, the instructor has the authority to assign a grade of FN or F; this policy takes precedence  over the grade assignment policy for MATH 1710 and MATH 1530:
7 absences for classes scheduled for MWF.
5 absences for classes scheduled for TR or MW classes or
    any other 2 day/night classes.
3 absences for classes scheduled for one evening per week.
9 absences for all daytime sections of 4-hour classes.
* FOR SUMMER COURSES:       5 absences for classes scheduled MTWXF.

 

LINKS TO INDIVIDUAL INSTRUCTORS

Web Pages

Corlis Robe
Susan Hosler
 

 

DESIRE2LEARN CONNECTION

 

 

MATERIAL CHAPTER BY CHAPTER

CHAPTER 1

 Picture Distributions with Graphs

SKILLS &
KNOWLEDGE
in Chapter 1

Chapter 1. After reading this chapter make sure you can:

  1. Identify individuals and variables in a given story. (See Who? How many? What? Why? questions on page 4)
  2. Distinguish between Categorical and Quantitative variables
  3. Based on the nature of the variable, be able to decide which graph is appropriate for a given data set:
  • Histograms and Stemplots (Stem-and-Leaf display)?
  • Bar and/or Pie Charts?
  • Time Plots?

    4.   Understand what a histogram or stemplot tells you about the behavior of the variable. What is a bimodal or a skewed left or skewed right distribution telling you? 

 


HOMEWORK Chapter 1

We recommend that you practice with exercises: 1,3-7,9,10,12-18,19,20,22,23,26,28,29,30,34,35

 

Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded.
 

 


IN THE LAB
Chapter  1


Ideas that can be used in the STAT CAVE for graphing and displaying data

1)  Lab 'Drugs' :
The purpose of this lab is to get familiar with data files and do basic graphs for categorical and quantitative variables
data file:  drugsurv.mtw (data from drug and alcohol survey in a state for the Midwest)
(variables in this data set are: gender, years of education, smoking status, having tried marijuana and alcohol dependency)
  A more simple version of that lab that can be used the first day in the lab to introduce students to the use of Minitab can be found in : plabdrugs.doc
2) Work  1.33, 1.34, 1.44 from the book
 
3) Explore and discuss the distribution of the variables in one or more of these data files.
    a) surveys02.mtw  (Has categorical and quantitative variables: gender, age, number of siblings etc. of students in a section of Math 1530)


    b) Pulse rates of 210 students of a MATH 1530 course pulserat.mtw     pulserat.sav (Interpret the shape, what pulse rates are more common? which ones are less frequent?)


    c)  Age at time of death, sample of 135 graves from Greenhill cemetery Laramie, WYO, data include people who died in the period 1860-1998) (Why does the distribution of age at time of death looks bimodal? Get separate graphs for those who died before and after 1950. )  Greenhill.mtw  


   d) Unemployment in Tennessee. This data set contains the monthly unemployment rate in Tennessee from January 1978 to April 1999. TennUnEm.mtw      Obtain a histogram and interpret it. Obtain a time plot and interpret it.

4) Using applets from the WWW. The applet (from Rice University) at http://www.ruf.rice.edu/%7Elane/stat_sim/histogram/index.htm
allows you to explore how a interval width affects the shape of the histogram

 

 

In the real world Chapter 1

Statistics is a useful tool to explore the real world.

Here are some data files with real data. Think of the context of the data, get acquainted with the variables and identify the type of each variable.
1) SAT related variables for 50 States and DC (Moore's Basic Practice of Statistics) Minitab: SAT.mtw SPSS: SAT.sav

2) Demographic and economic data from for 97 countries (from Rouncefield)

Rouncefield, M. (1995)  The Statistics of Poverty and Inequality . Journal of Statistics Education v.3, n.2 (1995) 

(data source : United Nations in 1990). (Variables in this data file are:
(birth rate, death rate, infant mortality rate, life expectancy for males and females, gross national product)
Minitab:  poverty.mtw  SPSS: poverty.sav

3) Real data from the USA: Census Bureau Web site, unemployment data Bureau of Labor Statistics, The University of Chicago’s National Opinion Research Center

 

 

Related  readings 
for instructors 

Ideas on how to use a data set with demographic and economic variables for 97 countries produced by the United Nations:
Rouncefield, M. (1995)  The Statistics of Poverty and Inequality. Journal of Statistics Education v.3, n.2 (1995)


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CHAPTER 2

 Describing Distributions with Numbers

SKILLS &
KNOWLEDGE
in Chapter2

 

Chapter 2. After reading this chapter make sure you know how to:

 

  1. Calculate and interpret the values of mean, median, quartiles, five number summary, standard deviation
  2. Draw a boxplot & compare several data sets in terms of center and spread by looking at the side by side boxplots.
  3. Decide if an observation is an outlier using the 1.5 IQR rule
  4. Relate the skewness of the distribution to the relative position of the mean and the median
  5. Relate the standard deviation with a histogram

Also you should be aware of how extreme observations affect numerical summaries.

HOMEWORK
Chapter 2

We recommend you practice with exercises: 2-5,7,9-11,13-19,20,21,26,28,30-32,37,39,41
Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded.


In the classroom

These are activities/worksheets that can be worked in the classroom. They do not require the use of computers.
1) doctors (5-number summaries, stemplots, histograms, mean, outliers; with emphasis in interpretations)
2) Softdrinks Version 1. (stem-and-leaf displays)
3) Softdrinks Version 2. (stem-and-leaf displays, median, quartiles and boxplots)
4) Income of CEOs A worksheet to practice calculating by hand basic statistics and interpreting them.
5) Gasoline use by state Interpreting computer output with graphs and basic statistics

6) Numerical comparison and histograms Mean vs. Median, The effect of an outlier on summary statistics.


IN THE LAB
Chapter 2

Ideas that can be used in the STAT CAVE for Summarizing distributions with numbers

1) Lab Big Toe This lab reviews topics of Chapters 1 and 2.

2) Lab Infant Mortality The objective of this Lab is to interpret the shape of histograms, interpret side by side boxplots, calculate and interpret basic statistics. It reviews topics from Chapters 1 and 2.  It  uses Rouncefield's poverty data (Variables in this data set are birth rate, death rate, infant mortality rate, life expectancy for males and females, gross national product for each one of 97countries)  
Minitab: poverty.mtw 

3) Lab SAT scores
(Statistics and graphs for quantitative variables) SAT scores  for 50 States and DC (Moore's Basic Practice of Statistics) (Variables are SAT Math and Verbal average scores, % of high school seniors taking the SAT,  etc.)  Minitab: SAT.mtw

4) Lab Baseball  A short lab with the baseball players’ salaries (histogram, median, mean, side-by-side boxplots)

5) Lynx Spiders  A biologist wants to compare the lengths of female and male green lynx spiders.  [Probability and Statistical Inference, 7th ed.] 

6) The Minitab data file Oldfaithful contains data on eruptions of the Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park. The variable named "Duration" records how long 299 of these eruptions lasted, in minutes. Describe the shape, center, and spread of the distribution. [The Basic Practice of Statistics, 3rd ed.]

7) The Minitab data file Calories contains data from a study showing that foods advertised as "low calorie" often contain more calories than the label states. Is the degree of understatement of calories the same for national (N) brands, regional (R) brands, and locally (L) prepared foods? The variable measured is the percent difference between true and label calories (i.e., true% - label%). [The Basic Practice of Statistics, 3rd ed.]

8) Open the applets (Statistical Applets) from the BPS4e CD. The Mean and Median applet on the BPS4e CD allows you to place points (data) where ever you want and it shows the dotplot and locates the mean and the median. Useful to explore the relationship among mean, median and the skewness of the distribution.

In the real world

1) Olympic files: Data files with results from the 2004 Olympic games prepared by Susan Hosler. 
Different strokes for different folks: Finish times for swimmers competing in various distance final events. Side-by-side boxplots make a nice display.
                                                       Women's 100m Back, Breast, Butterfly & Freestyle                  OlymF100_Swim.mtw
                                                       Women's 200m Back, Breast, Butterfly, Freestyle & Medley    OlymF200_Swim.mtw
                                                       Men's 100m Back, Breast,Butterfly & Freestyle                        OlymM100_Swim.mtw
                                                       Men's 200m  Back, Breast, Butterfly, Breestyle & Medley        OlymM200_Swim.mtw
Smells like Team Spirit:
Compare the finish times of individuals versus teams for the 800meter women's swimming events.  OlymF800_Swim.mtw
Beam me up Scottie: Compare scores earned by gymnasts competing in the All-around events on different apparatus’. Which apparatus gives the most difficulty to each gender? OlymGymnast.mtw

2) Look at exercise 2.33. Data of the census can be found at http://www.census.gov
Interesting data originally published by the United Nations can be found in Minitab: poverty.mtw   Source:  Rouncefield

, M. (1995)  The Statistics of Poverty and Inequality. Journal of Statistics Education v.3, n.2 (1995) 


(birth rate, death rate, infant mortality rate, life expectancy for males and females, gross national product for 97 countries in 1990)
             

 

 
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CHAPTER 3

 Normal Distribution


Skills & Knowledge
in Chapter 3

After studying this chapter, you should:

HOMEWORK
for Chapter 3

We recommend that you practice with exercises: 1-6,8-10,12,14,15-21,22,23,26,31-33,35,37,38,40,45
Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded.

  

 
In the Classroom
Chapter 3

These activities do not require the use of computers.
1) A worksheet to introduce the idea of standardization
2) Exercises  to practice the use of the normal table and problems related to the normal distribution

For Instructors: standnorm.gif  a file with the graph of the normal distribution that can be used when preparing material on this topic


IN THE LAB
Chapter 3

Ideas that can be used in the STAT CAVE about the Normal distribution
1) Lab Normal Given a value finding an area, given an area finding a value, checking for normality (pulserat.mtw) & emulating normal data 

2)  Normal model and the Soda data. A lab to discuss if the normal model is appropriate for a given case,  data file soda.mtw

3) Applets from different sources :
                 Applet to calculate areas under the normal curve   (U. Berkeley)
                 Applet to draw normal curves (input: mean and std) and calculate areas under the curve (Rossman-Chance collection)
                 Applet about normal approximation to histograms  (U. Berkeley)

4) Exercises 3.51-3.53 use the Normal Curve Applet from Statistical Applets on the BPS4e CD.

 

 

 
 

 
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CHAPTERS 4 & 5  

Scatter Plots,  Correlation, Regression


Skills in Chapters
 4 & 5

After studying these chapters, you should:

HOMEWORK
Chapters 4 & 5

We recommend that you practice with the following exercises:
Chapter 4: 1,2,3,5,9,11,12-18,18,21,22,23,26,27,29,31-36
Chapter 5: 1,3-8,10,12,14,15-24,26,27,29,31,33,35-39,41,45,46


Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded.


In this note you can see the calculation of the correlation coefficient (r) step by step

 


IN THE LAB
Chap. 4 & 5

Ideas that can be used in the Stat Cave for correlation and regression.
1) Lab Body Fat (correlation and regression) Which is better predictor of body fat; waist or weight?  Uses the data file bodyfat.mtw

 

2) Lab Wine-Heart (correlation and regression) Are wine consumption and heart disease related? Uses the data file wineheart.mtw  

 

3) LAB OldFaithful Correlation
Are the length of eruption and the time until next eruption related?  oldfaithful.mtw

4) LAB OldFaithful Regression  Can we predict when the next eruption of Old Faithful will be?  Data: oldfaithful.mtw

5) This is a very appropriate data set to discuss outliers in regression: Obtain the scatter plot, fit the regression equation with and without the observation for the USA and compare R-square for both models. Cigarette and lung cancer (Friedman et. al) cigaret.mtw   cigarret.sav  

6) LifeExpect.mtw (Cause-effect relationship?)

7) Using Applets  in the WWW:
     a) Guessing the value of r from a scatter plot  (University of Illinois) 

     b) Rice U 'Regression by Eye' applet

     c) To discuss leverage and influential points:
       You place the points with the mouse where you want and the (U of Illinois) applet calculates r and the regression line 
       You move the points, displays r, SSE and line Calpoly Linear Regression Applet
       You move one point, displays r and line West's Regression Applet

      d)  Correlation and Regression Applet  from A. Strader of Texas A & M University

8)  Explore the Correlation and Regression Applet from (Statistical Applets) on the BPS4e CD.

 

 

 


In the classroom
Chapters 4 & 5

Class summary to introduce correlation (step by step calculation) and regression intcorreg.doc

A summary of the ideas of outliers & influential points in regression using the famous cigarette & lung cancer example: outliers.doc
This worksheet can be worked in the classroom, no computer is required

1) Are drinking wine and heart disease associated? A worksheet (wineheart.doc) based on a data set  from Moore, D "The Basic Practice of Statistics" (Data file  wineheart.mtw  or wine-heart.sav )


In the real world

More Olympic files: data files with results from the 2004 Olympic games prepared by Susan Hosler.

It ain't over till it's (almost) over: OlymM20K_Walk.mtw
Which increment of the men's 20 km walk best predicts the amount of time required to finish the race? Walker's times at 2,4,6,8,10,12,15,16,18 and 20 Km. (hint: look at scatter plots, look at the squared correlation at 18 km and 20 km)


 

Readings for instructors

A Brief History of Regression


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 CHAPTER 6
Review

 

We recommend that you practice with the following exercises:

 

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CHAPTER 7
PRODUCING DATA: SAMPLING

HOMEWORK

 We recommend that you practice with the following exercises: 1-5,7,8,9,11,12,13-20,22,24,27,28,30-33,34,36,38,41

The following exercises require the use of random number tables, applet, or other software:

Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded.

 14 multiple choice questions on experimental and observational studies  hwsurexp.doc

IN THE LAB
in Chapter 8

Ideas that can be used in the STAT CAVE for Surveys


1) A class summary on surveys to introduce the topic using internet and software (Minitab) resources surveys in lab
2) Short Lab on random sampling,  uses the data set:  agepop.mtw

3) Random selection Activity/Lab:  Selecting things at random: from raffles to samples- Hats, dice, tables and computers
This lab introduces in a 'hands on way' random generation of numbers by different random mechanisms and the selection of random samples

4) Lab on Random Samples using the data set:  agepop.mtw To learn how to select samples using the computer and to explore the ideas of sampling variability and sampling distributions

 
In the real world

To learn  more about organizing surveys: ASA brochures on Surveys (detailed brochures on different aspects of surveys)

Two opposite examples of surveys:
National Geographic's Survey 2000 (large sample but not random, for whom are the results valid? )
The Gallup Poll (relatively small RANDOM sample, for whom are the results valid?) Give a look to the Gallup Poll of the week

More about the Census in the USA :     CENSUS: main page and teacher's page           

For links to more national surveys places

 

What went wrong? Literary Digest Survey

 

 

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CHAPTER 8
PRODUCING DATA: EXPERIMENTS

 
HOMEWORK

We recommend that you practice with the following exercises: 1-6,9,11-24,25,28,31,32,34,35-37,40,41
The following exercises require the use of random number tables, applet, or other software:
Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded

 
In the classroom
Chapter 9

These activities can be done in the classroom or assigned as homework, no computer is required
1) Activity on Experimental Design
The vocabulary of experimental design and the principles of randomization, replication and control, as well as the strategy of blocking to control for sources of variability are reviewed in this activity using three cases.


2) 14 multiple choice questions on experimental and observational studies   hwsurexp.doc

 

 IN THE LAB
Chapter 9

Ideas that can be used in the STAT CAVE for experiments

  Lab on Experimental design  
This Lab focuses on the application of the Randomization principle to select which individuals will be assigned to each treatment and in which order the experiment will be conducted; but other issues involved in designing experiments are also reviewed.

 

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 CHAPTER  9 
INTRODUCING PROBABILITY


Skills in
Chapter 9

 After studying this chapter, you should:

 

 HOMEWORK

 We recommend that you practice with the following exercises: 1,2,4,5,7,9-24,26-35,37-39,44,45,47

The following exercises require the use of an applet or other software:
Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded

 

 IN THE LAB
in Chapter 10

Ideas that can be used in the STAT CAVE for probability
Want to (virtually) flip a coin?
1) Using applets from the CD. Explore the Probability Applet from (Statistical Applets) on the BPS4e CD. This applet simulates flipping a coin and keeps track of heads and tails.

2) Using applets in the WWW.  You will also find generators of random numbers in  http://www.random.org

Probability as relative frequency in the long run:  Go to http://www.random.org and flip the coin 50 times. Keep track of the number of heads that you get. Based on this experience, what is your estimate for the probability of heads for that coin? (50 realizations of the random experiment of flipping a coin is NOT really the 'long run'). Each student can report how many head he/she got in his/her 50 trials and we can come up with another estimate of the probability.


In the Classroom
Chapter 10

1)    Class summary to introduce the basic of probabilities including random variable intprobrv.doc

2)    This is a class summary to introduce, via examples, probability related topics such as :
Venn Diagrams, calculating conditional & marginal probabilities from two-way tables,  false positives and false negatives in medical tests,  the birthday problem. moreprobability.doc 

These activities can be done in the classroom and do not require the use of computers


3)  Introducing the idea of random variable

4) False positives in the ELIZA test for Aids

 

 

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 CHAPTER 10
SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS


Skills in
Chapter 10

 After studying this chapter, you should:   

 

 IN THE LAB
Chapter 10

Ideas that can be used in the STAT CAVE for sampling distribution
1) A 'hands on' introduction to sampling distributions  intsamdist.doc
it uses the worksheet sampmeanspop.mtw and applets from the web
2) A Lab to introduce step by step the ideas related to sampling distribution. 
       The file with the population to be used in this lab is in agesmoke.mtw 

       The program to do the simulations in the Lab samdismp.mtb

3) APPLETS in the WWW
   a) Rice University Lab to do simulations and observe the distribution of the sample mean
   b) Applet from U. Berkeley to understand the Law of Large Numbers

   c) An applet from the Rossman & Chance collection that randomly selects words from the Gettysburg address and depicts the sampling distribution of a categorical (noun or not noun) and a quantitative (length of word) variable

 

 http://statweb.calpoly.edu/chance/applets/GettysburgSample/GettysburgSample.html


4) Using APPLETS in the CD. Explore the Law of Large Numbers Applet from (Statistical Applets) on the BPS4e CD  This applet simulates rolling die/dice and could be used for the Law of Large Numbers

 
In the classroom
Chapter 10


A set of 10 multiple choice questions to review the topic of sampling distribution of a mean

 

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 CHAPTER 11
GENERAL RULES OF PROBABILITY

 

Homework

We recommend that you practice with the following exercises: 4,13,15,17-20,30,31,34,43,48

 

Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded

 

 

 

These activities can be done in the classroom and do not require the use of computers
1) This is a class summary to introduce, via examples, probability related topics such as:
Venn Diagrams, calculating conditional & marginal probabilities from two-way tables,  false positives and false negatives in medical tests,  the birthday problem. moreprobability.doc

2) False positives in the ELIZA test for Aids


3) Applications of probability including conditional probabilities using a two way table with the AIDS example

 

 

 

 

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 CHAPTER 12
BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION


Skills in
 Chapter 12


After studying this chapter, you should:   

  • know what type of situations is that you can apply the binomial distribution to  ('binomial setting')
  • be able to use the binomial table to answer simple binomial probability problems
  • know the binomial mean and standard deviation

 



In the classroom

These activities can be worked in the classroom, no computer is needed.

 

BINOMIAL TABLES  n=2...9    n=10...20


1) List of additional problems on Binomial distribution
  

2) More problems on the application of probability models

 

 

HOMEWORK

 Here is a one page introduction to the Binomial distribution XXXX
We recommend that you practice with the following exercises: 1,2,4,6,8,12,13,15-19,21,23,24,27-29,34

Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded

IN THE LAB
Chapter 12

Ideas that can be used in the STAT CAVE for binomial distribution

1) How to create a with MINITAB using the frogs story:  frogsbinomial.doc
This example prepares the ground for an easy introduction of the idea of test of hypothesis.

 

2) A set of 3 questions, applying binomial probabilities, that help us to understand that events considered 'rare' are not necessarily rare. 

   

 

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 CHAPTER 13
INTRODUCTION TO INFERENCE


Skills in
 Chapter 13

After studying this chapter, you should:   

  • know how to calculate and interpret confidence intervals for the population mean
  • have very clear the meaning of 'confidence'
  • understand how the width of the confidence interval and the 'margin of error' depend on sample size, variability and confidence
  • be able to find the appropriate sample size knowing the standard deviation of the population and given the desired confidence and margin of error
  • be aware that the 'margin of error' only accounts for the 'sampling error' (the fact that not all the element of the population are in the sample) , it does not account for errors in the design and implementation of the survey such as undercoverage or low response rate.

HOMEWORK
 

We recommend that you practice with the following exercises: 1,2,4,5,7,9-11,14,20-29,31,33,37,38,40,41,44,46,50,51

Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded


In the classroom
Chapter 13

 Class summary: An introduction to the ideas of inference using the frogs example.   frogsbinomial.doc

A set of 10 multiple choice questions about test of hypothesis and confidence intervals for the mean.  actinfmean.doc

 

IN THE LAB
Chapter 13

Ideas that can be used in the STAT CAVE for confidence intervals

1) Using applets to understand the meaning of confidence
 a) Using APPLETS in the CD. Explore the Confidence Interval Applet from (Statistical Applets) on the BPS4e CD  The applet simulates  the total number of samples and number that "hit" (i.e., confidence interval did contain µ).
 

 

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CHAPTER 14
  THINKING ABOUT INFERENCE


SKILLS in
Chapters 13 & 14

After studying these chapters, you should:   

  • be able to identify and write the null and alternative hypotheses in a given story
  • know how to perform a test of hypotheses about the population mean
  • be able to make a decision about the null hypothesis based on the p-value and to  interpret the value of the p-value
  • be familiar with the basic vocabulary of hypothesis testing (one-sided & two-sided hypothesis, test statistic, p-value, statistical significant, significance level)
  • know the connection between a test of hypothesis and a confidence interval
  • be aware of the difference between statistical significance and practical significance

 

 HOMEWORK
Chapters 13 & 14

We recommend that you practice with the following exercises: 1-9,12-20,22,24,26,27,30,31,34,35

Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded

 

 

IN THE LAB chapter 14

Ideas that can be used in the STAT CAVE for test of hypothesis

The new ducks story:  Introduces the ideas of hypothesis testing, shows how to do it using the exact (binomial) and approximate (normal) method by hand and using Minitab. It covers also the material of Chapter 18


In the Classroom
in Chapter 14

A worksheet to introduce the ideas of testing hypothesis based on the binomial distribution
 Test of Hypothesis (the ducks story)

A set of 10 multiple choice questions about test of hypothesis and confidence intervals for the mean: actinfmean.doc.

 

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CHAPTER 15

Part II Review

Review the topics from Chapters 8 to 14.

We recommend that you practice with the following exercises:

 

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 CHAPTER 16 

  INFERENCE ABOUT THE POPULATION MEAN


Skills Chapter 18

After studying this chapter, you should:  

  • have an idea of what is the t-distribution and its relationship to the normal distribution
  • the necessary conditions to apply the t-test and t-confidence interval
  • know what the standard error is
  • know how to perform and interpret the results of a one sample t-test
  • know  to perform and interpret the results of matched pairs  t-test
  • be able to calculate and interpret a t-confidence interval
  • be aware of the robustness of the t-procedures

 

 
HOMEWORK &
readings Chap18We recommend that you practice with the following exercises:  (When possible use Minitab to solve.) 1,2,6,7,10,13-17,19-21,27,31-33,39-41,43
 

A summary with computer output for the one sample and matched pairs case: infmeant.doc
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In the Lab in Chapter 18

A Lab on inference for the mean based on 4 exercises from the book. It reviews test of hypothesis and confidence intervals for the population mean , both when we know sigma and when we don't know it (including matched pairs)
 Lab inference
It uses the data files   boneloss.mtw, redwine.mtw  and  genvsref.mtw


 


In the classroom
Chapter 18

r

CHAPTER 17
Two-Sample Problemsi#Top of the Document

 

 CHAPTER 18
INFERENCE ABOUT A POPULATION PROPORTION

 


Skills in Chapter 18

 After studying this chapter, you should : 

   

  HOMEWORK
Chapter 18

We recommend that you practice with the following exercises: 1-5,8,9,11-19,20,21,23,25-28,31,33,34,35,37

 


Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded

  

 IN THE LAB
Chapter 18

1) The new ducks story: Introduces the ideas of hypothesis testing, shows how to do it using the exact and approximate method by hand and using Minitab. 

 

2) Additional problems
 

 

In the classroom
Chapter 18

1) A worksheet to introduce the ideas of testing hypothesis (it also shows what to do in case the assumptions needed to use the normal model are not attained) Test of hypothesis (the ducks story) (Same as posted in Chapter 18.)

 

2) Examples of testing a population proportion: testing_proportion.pdf

 

3) A guide to review inference for proportions by solving exercises from the book rwinfp.doc

 

4) A set of 10 multiple choice questions to review confidence intervals and tests of hypotheses for proportions.

 

   

 

CHAPTER 20

Review

 

1. addit_test_ci_probs.pdf

 

2.  A review Lab for all the chapters on   testing hypothesis , it uses the data files  sulfur.xls   and power.xls  (Excel files can be read from MINITAB)

 

 

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CHAPTER 21

CHI-SQUARE TEST


Skills in Chapter 21

 After studying this chapter, you should : 

  • Know how to produce a two way table from raw data for two categorical (or categorized) variables
  • be able to get marginal and conditional distributions from a two way table
  • feel comfortable interpreting 'row and column percentages' (conditional distributions) and compare groups based on that interpretation
  • An association or comparison that holds for all of several groups can reverse direction when the data are combined to form a single group. This reversal is called Simpson's Paradox.

 

 

 
HOMEWORK
Chapter 21

  Here you will find an introduction to the Chisquare test chisq.doc
We recommend that you practice with the following exercises: (When possible use Minitab to solve.) 1,2,4-9,13,15-18,21-23,27,31,35,37-39

 

 
Your instructor might assign specific homework to be graded

   
IN THE LAB
Chapter 21

Ideas that can be used in the STAT CAVE for the chi-square test

 

1) Lab on test of independence with the drug survey example. Data are in drugsurv.mtw

2) Labchisq.doc is a lab that includes the goodness of fit test and the test of independence.

3) Use The Titanic data (Dawson): Produce two-way tables and Chi-square tests to find out if

    a) gender made a difference in survival

    b) class made a difference in survival

 

   
In the Classroom
Chapter 21

No computer is needed.
TESTS OF INDEPENDENCE & GOODNESS OF FIT   A worksheet that includes presentation of the topic and computer output and shows how calculations are done by hand and asks for interpretations.

  Readings for instructors

Robert J. MacG. Dawson   (1995 The "Unusual Episode" Data Revisited Journal of Statistics Education v.3, n.3 )

 

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  APPLETS & Others

U. Berkeley applets
Rice Virtual Lab in Statistics
Rossman Chance Applet Collection
University of Illinois applets 
University of South Carolina applets

Random Numbers

REFERENCES

 FOR STUDENTS:
'Against All Odds ' videos
A Glossary  of Statistical Terms (U. Berkeley)
Rice University HyperText on-line

 
JOURNALS FOR INSTRUCTORS:
Journal of Statistical Education (Electronic journal , all papers can be read)
Teaching Statistics  (Index an
Statistics Education Research Journal

 Chance  (Index,


LINKS TO OTHER WEB PAGES FOR INSTRUCTORS
 http://www.causeweb.org
http://ore.gen.umn.edu/artist/pilots/

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DATA 

Journal of Statisical Education Data Archive
Data and Story Library
Case studies from the Rice University Lab
Chance Data Sets
http://www.causeweb.org

 CAREERS IN STATISTICS 
careers in Statistics 
American Statistical Association Web page


 

Active Stats 
Active Stats is a multimedia instruction software,  that came with the previous textbook. 
It is intended for study at home and you might find it  useful to study in an interactive way at your own pace. Among other features it has videos that you can activate by clicking on icons, and exercises that you can practice with.

If you own one, here
you will find hints on how to use it.

Installing ActiveStats  :

The first time select New Student, enter your name, the folder in your computer where you want to keep track your results and enter the number when asked. Where 'no bundle' appears as option, use the arrow to scroll and select the option Moore who is the author  of our textbook.

Now  you can get familiar with Active Stats by going through the Introduction and section 2.1 Defining data.
Below, in the material for each chapter, you will find a reference to Active Stats.

 

 

 

nstructor might assign specific homework to be graded